For as long as I have had an Internet connection, I have been reading fanfiction. I began on Fanfiction.net, but moved to AO3 when Fanfiction.net started banning all the NSFW fics (or lemons, as we called them). I have even written and published a few of my own (but I'll never tell you my username!!)
I grew up within this culture. And, while I do not believe in gatekeeping, I see many new people entering this space lately and basically making a fucking mess. Those who do not learn from history are doomed to repeat it, and I see these fandom babies retreading old Earth and, worryingly, calling for censorship in a way that runs totally counter to the culture's core ideals.
So here's a half-ramble, half-analysis of what the fuck is up with the current state of shipping culture.
Attitudes towards shipping have always been split into two unspoken categories, which I have named as such:
Action-Figure Shipping is essentially just smashing action-figures together. You take your Boba Fett action-figure and your Legolas action-figure and you make them kiss. There can be some regard for canon, but this shipping is done primarily for the fun and enjoyment of playing out scenarios with your favourite characters. It is not a form of endorsement for these scenarios, or a letter to the original creator of the work to make these scenarios canon. Rather, it is play in it's purest form, and the form of shipping I engage with the most.
Endgame Shipping is shipping that focuses on the potential outcome of a piece of media. These ships are shipped with the intention that these characters will canonically end up together at the end of the original work's storyline. Harry Potter was full of ships like this during the original publication, the most controversial of which was Dramione (a ship between Draco and Hermione). This shipping is often the most mainstream accessible form of shipping. Regular, offline people bought "Team Edward" or "Team Jacob" shirts during Twilight's hayday.
While I engage with Endgame shipping much less, I do see it as a valid fandom activity. It's sort of the sportsball-ification of shipping. You get to pick a team and root for it, and rally around it with like-minded people. However, this also leads to more toxicity than Action-Figure shipping. If you're rooting for a team to win, it also means you're rooting for the other teams to lose.
There's also a natural tendancy for Endgame shippers to assume that all shipping is Endgame shipping. So, they become confused when they see Action-Figure ships that make no goddamn sense in canon, or would be actively kind of gross and uncomfortable in canon. This is also the default response the non-shipping general public has to shipping - "What do you mean these two men are in love?? They're literally just standing next to eachother."
I'm not saying that Endgame shippers are tourists, just that it's the easiest form of shipping to engage with, and therefore is often populated by people who engage with fandom in a more traditional, canon-centric sense..
I first brushed up with the concept of Anti-Shippers during the Great Reylo War.
When the Star Wars sequels were coming out, Reylo, a ship between Rey and Kylo Ren, quickly became the most popular ship. The ship was popular because Kylo Ren is a tormented goth boy with a six pack, and people wanted to see Rey fix him. Also, to anybody actually paying attention to the films (And Star Wars' history of redeeming bad guys and making people who initially hate eachother kiss), Reylo was the very obvious endgame. However, it was also very controversial. Kylo Ren is a space Nazi who tortures people and tries to kill Rey and all of her friends.
So, the fandom split into two teams. Pro-Reylo and Anti-Reylo. Over time, the Anti-Reylo brigade just became shortened to "Antis". And history was made.
As somebody outside of the Reylo fandom (I don't care enough about Star Wars to ship anything), I mostly only heard about these Antis from their absolutely unhinged behaviour. At one point, a notable fandom elder in the Anti community branded all the Reylo fans as racist, as she believed people were shipping Rey with Kylo Ren rather than Finn because Finn is played by a black man. Thus, the argument became that people would rather ship Rey, a white woman, with a murderous space Nazi rather than a nice black man, solely because he's black.
This lead to severe harrassment campaigns against Reylo shippers, one of which was Jenny Nicholson, who had her tweets doctored to make her appear outwardly racist against Finn's actor. You can see the tweets here.
As somebody who primarily engages in Action-Figure shipping, and somebody with common decency, this seemed absurd to me. Somebody shipping Reylo doesn't stop the Finnrey shippers from shipping Finnrey. AO3 is big enough for both to exist.
But this is Endgame shipping. There are stakes involved. Rey can only canonically be with one of these boys!!! And if you ship her with the space Nazi, that means you want her to end up with the space Nazi in canon, and that obviously means you support space Nazism.
But Anti-Shipping is now a term that is not unique to Star Wars. Instead of being against one particular ship, they're against any ship that doesn't follow their specific moral code. This idea of depiction = endorsement can be found everywhere in every fandom space, even ones where its incongruous with the source material.
Their mentality is that you can enjoy Game of Thrones and all of its incest storylines, but if you ship a character with their relative, you obviously support incest.
But it also goes further than that. Because the scope of their morality is completely out of wack. Shipping characters who are children? That's pedophilia. Aging up child characters so you can ship them? That's pedophilia. Age gap relationship between two legal adults? That's pedophilia. Shipping characters who are in a found family? Incest! Obviously! It has family in the name!!
It spills over into actual ableism, too. Hannibal is a TV show about a cannibalistic therapist who is in love with his patient, Will Graham. He is deeply possessive of Will, tries to eat him on several occassions, allows his mental health to deteriorate to frames him for murder. A lot of red flags, we can all agree. But to some Antis, the real problem with their relationship is that Will is autistic-coded, and therefore unable to consent.
Will Graham is a very competant, adult man. He even has sex with people in canon!!!
And of course, to any reasonable person, there is no problem with shipping Will and Hannibal because it's a fucking TV show. About cannibalism. And how being an empath gives you psychic powers.
If you have a problem with Hannibal and Will's relationship as depicted in fanfiction, you should logically have a problem with how it's depicted in the literal show itself. Because Hannibal and Will are canon. They are endgame. The shippers won.
But they won't because they like watching Hannibal. So they just argue that Hannigram shippers are watching the show incorrectly, so they can maintain their position of moral superiority.
To be a pro-shipper, that is to say "somebody who ships whatever they want and lets other people ship whatever they want, and just avoids the ships they dislike" is not to be some new, nasty, predator scheme. It's the default rules that most shippers have operated under since fanfiction's inception.
Wrapping yourself in layers of nonsense moral code to justify liking what you like is so pointless, when you could just like what you like. And let other people like what they like. And block the stuff that makes you upset, instead of actively seeking it out and yelling at people.
And there's something about that dynamic that deeply worries me. Big-name Antis, who are usually adults, often present themselves as the voice of all reason to a hoard of impressionable teenagers. They present their Discord servers as safe-spaces, free from predators (pro-shippers). And then they police the sexualities of these young people. They show them examples of the types of porn they "should be avoiding".
How is that safer than pro-shippers, who are usually the first to tell teens to fuck off and get out of their adult spaces?
There are teenage Antis on TikTok who live in actual fear of enjoying pro-fic content. They feel anxiety over being attracted to characters who are a year or two younger than them. They dread becoming 18 years old because they'll suddenly have to stop finding a 17-year old anime boy hot.
Anti mentality isn't new. It's what lead to the Fanfiction.net purge in the first place. It's what inspired some incest shippers to create AO3.
But Anti mentality is so prevelant now. And I believe it's due to the mainstreamification of fandom culture. Now, everybody wants to be part of a fandom, but they don't take the time to learn how any of it works. They approach from the most mainstream-suitable form of shipping, Endgame shipping, and view everything through that Shipping = Endorsement lens.
And honestly? I'm terrified. Because the harrassment campaigns only continue to grow. And because I ship whatever the fuck I want. And I'm scared that I'll say the wrong fucking thing on social media and have a hoard of puriteens banging on my door.
I don't even ship anything that crazy. You can see my favourite ships over in my shrine. But Antis don't play by consistent rules at the best of times.
Thankfully, most of my current active fandoms are occupied by adults, which mitigates some of this nonsense. And I'm also very liberal with the block button (as all people should be, Antis especially).
But I genuinely worry about the kids who grow up in this culture - The ones who expect fandom to be catered to their tastes, and look to weird, puritanical adults to keep them safe. The ones who might discover they have a common fetish and spiral about it for months. Or who, God forbid, experience some form of trauma and want to create art to help them cope with it, only to be demonised by their friends, and are forced to reveal their trauma to prevent being ousted from the Internet entirely.
And when Fanfiction.net purged the NSFW fics, it came for the queer fics first. It's worrying that so much Anti rhetoric reflects conservative views on sexuality. It really feels like we're taking so many steps backwards.